Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer treatment

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Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer is number second most common skin cancer after basal cell carcinoma. This skin cancer appears when the older cells pushed to the surface of the epidermis by the continuous healthy growth of basal cells deep within the skin. To put it simple, because of Squamous Cell carcinoma skin cancer, the old skin cell doesn’t die and replaced, but it still there while the healthy one continue growing and pushed outside.

Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer caused some damage to the underlying skin cells and slowly a lump or tumor will develop right under the skin. Squamous Cell Carcinoma tends to attack on the face, such as lips and ears. It can manifest itself as a bump that is thickened, scaly, red, or crusty. It could resemble a wart. If it occurs on the rim of the ear or the lip it seems to become more aggressive in its growth.

The treatment for squamous cell cancer carcinoma is mainly use surgery, although few selected cases are treated with topical medication.  Surgical excision with a free margin of healthy tissue is a frequent treatment modality. Radiotherapy, given as external beam radiotherapy or as brachytherapy (internal radiotherapy), can also be used to treat squamous cell carcinomas.

There are other option of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Skin Cancer Treatment:

1. Moh's surgery is still used, even though the cure rate is not very high.
2. Radiation therapy often used afterward in high risk cancer or patient types.
3. Electrodessication and curettage or EDC, usually use to treat squamous cell carcinoma that known to be non-aggressive.
4. Imiquimod (Aldara) has been used with success for squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the skin and the penis, but the morbidity and discomfort of the treatment is severe. An advantage is the cosmetic result: after treatment, the skin resembles normal skin without the usual scarring and morbidity associated with standard excision. Imiquimod is not FDA-approved for any squamous cell carcinoma.

Main Article: Squamous Cell Carcinoma Skin Cancer

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Skin Cancer symptoms

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) skin cancer is a form of cancer of the carcinoma type that may occur in many different organs even in a place where not exposed to the sun, including the skin, lips, mouth, esophagus, urinary bladder, prostate, lungs, vagina, and cervix. Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer usually grows very slow and the symptoms very hard to notice, especially when they appear on skin that has other signs of sun damage. Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer symptoms may also mistake for actinic keratosis, since it has similar symptoms and appear after years of sun exposure. Some of actinic keratosis may eventually develop into squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer.

Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer symptoms usually begin as a small nodule and as it enlarges the center becomes necrotic and sloughs and the nodule turns into an ulcer.

* Bump that may have rough, scaly surface and flat reddish patches, it’s a common symptom of skin cancer squamous cell carcinoma
* On the lip, the tumor forms a small ulcer, which fails to heal and bleeds intermittently
* The lesion caused by SCC is often asymptomatic
* The tumor may be in the form of a hard plaque or a papule, often with an opalescent quality
* Ulcer or reddish skin plaque that is slow growing
* Usually the tumor presents as an ulcerated lesion with hard, raised edges
* The tumor commonly presents on sun-exposed areas such as back of the hand, scalp, and lip
* Evidence of chronic skin photo damage, such as multiple actinic keratosis (solar keratosis)

Unlike Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) skin cancer, Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) skin cancer has a high risk of metastasis to another organ. Risk of metastasis is higher in SCC arising in scars, on the lower lips or mucosa, and occurring in immune-suppressed patients. About *one-third of lingual and mucosal tumors metastasize before diagnosis (these are often related to tobacco and alcohol use).

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Skin Cancer Squamous Cell Carcinoma Facts

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Skin Cancer Squamous Cell Carcinoma Facts:

• If left untreated, Squamous Cell Carcinoma can grows into a large mass.
• This cancer is more common in women than in men.
• Invasive squamous-cell carcinoma has the potential to recur and metastasize.
• Arsenic from industry area can increase its risk factor.
• The direct DNA damage is responsible for causing of Squamous cell carcinoma.
• Sunscreen shows can protect from this skin cancer.
• SCC makes skin cell cannot die, rather than stay in the place while the healthy skin cell continuously growing.
• This skin cancer tends to attack on the face, such as lips and ears.
• Squamous cell carcinoma can be characterized as either in situ (confined to the original site) or invasive, depending on whether the cancer invades underlying tissues; only invasive cancers are able to spread to other organs and cause metastasis. Squamous cell carcinoma in situ are also called Bowen's disease.
• The incidence of SCC increases with age and the peak incidence is usually around 66 years old.
• This skin cancer can be mistaken with keratoacanthoma or a wart.
• Large lesions (>2 cm in diameter) recur at a rate of 15 percent, which is twice that of smaller lesions, and they metastasize at a rate of 30 percent, three times that of smaller lesions.
• A long term prognosis of Squamous cell carcinoma often poor.
• The treatment that offers the highest rates of cure for patients with high-risk primary or recurrent squamous-cell carcinoma is Mohs’ micrographic surgery.

Main article - Squamous Cell Carcinoma Symptoms

Superficial Spreading Melanoma

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Skin cancer is common types of cancer for people who loved sunbath or often gets expose with the sun and melanoma is also endanger those who loved tanned skin. Among all types of melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma (also known as "Superficially spreading melanoma") (SSM) is the most common form of malignant melanoma in Caucasians.


Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) usually diagnosed when people who got it at age of 50, and it is occur on part of body that often expose to the sun, especially on the backs of males and lower limbs of females.

Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) can be evolved from a precursor lesion, usually a dysplastic nevus. Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) also can arise in previously normal skin. When superficial spreading melanoma in prolonged radial growth phase, its lesion remains thin. However, superficial spreading melanoma may eventually be followed by a vertical growth phase where the lesion becomes thick and nodular. As the risk of spread varies with the thickness, early Superficial spreading melanoma is more frequently cured than late nodular melanoma.

The microscopic hallmarks are:

• Large melanocytic cells with nest formation along the dermo-epidermal junction.
• Invasion of the upper epidermis in a pagetoid fashion (discohesive single cell growth).
• The pattern of rete ridges is often effaced.
• Invasion of the dermis by atypical, pleomorphic melanocytes
• Absence of the 'maturation' typical of naevus cells
• Mitoses

Superficial spreading melanoma Treatment

Superficial spreading melanoma treatment is usually done by excisional biopsy, wide local excision and possibly sentinels node biopsy. Spread of disease to local lymph nodes or distant sites (typically brain, bone, skin and lung) marks a decidedly poor prognosis.

Main article - Melanoma Skin Cancer Fact

Moh's Surgery for Melanoma

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Mohs Surgery is a type of skin cancer treatment that not only has a very high cure rate but also less invasive. Moh’s surgery has a very high cure rate depend on what its treat, it has the highest cure rate when treating basal cell carcinoma skin cancer, but the cure rate is lesser in treating squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer.


Mohs surgery can also be used to treating melanoma. However, moh’s surgery has a higher cure rate if treating melanoma in situ. It has been used in the removal of melanoma-in-situ (cure rate 77% to 98% depending on surgeon), and certain types of melanoma (cure rate 52%). Another study of melanoma-in-situ revealed Mohs cure rate of 95% for frozen section Mohs, and 98 to 99% for fixed tissue Mohs method. In situ is a condition that a cancer is still not become cancer yet.

However, mohs surgery is appropriate when:

• The skin cancer is in an area where it is important to preserve healthy tissue for maximum functional and cosmetic result, such as: eyelids, nose, ears, lips, fingers, toes, genitals.
• The skin cancer was treated previously and recurred.
• Scar tissue exists in the area of the cancer.
• The skin cancer is large.
• The edges of the cancer cannot be clearly defined.
• The skin cancer is growing rapidly or uncontrollably.

 Main Article - Moh's Surgery

Basal Cell Skin Cancer Prevention

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Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. Two-thirds factor of these skin cancers is sunlight, but one third in non sun exposed area. That's why, doctors recommend using sun screens.

This Skin Cancer occurs mainly in fair-skinned patients with a family history of this cancer. A chemotherapeutic agent such as 5-Fluorouracil or Imiquimod, can prevent development of skin cancer. It is usually recommended to individuals with extensive sun damage, history of multiple skin cancers, or precancerous growths. It is often repeated every 2 to 3 years to further decrease the risk of skin cancer.


How to Diagnose?

To diagnose basal cell carcinomas, a skin biopsy is taken for pathological study. The most common method is a shave biopsy under local anesthesia. Most nodular basal cell cancers can be diagnosed clinically; however, other variants can be very difficult to distinguish from benign lesions such as intradermal nevus, sebaceomas, fibrous papules, early acne scars, and hypertrophic scarring.


Main Article - Basal Cell Carcinoma Moh's Surgery

Moh's Surgery for Melanoma

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Mohs Surgery is a type of skin cancer treatment that not only has a very high cure rate but also less invasive. Moh’s surgery has a very high cure rate depend on what its treat, it has the highest cure rate when treating basal cell carcinoma skin cancer, but the cure rate is lesser in treating squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer.


Mohs surgery can also be used to treating melanoma. However, moh’s surgery has a higher cure rate if treating melanoma in situ. It has been used in the removal of melanoma-in-situ (cure rate 77% to 98% depending on surgeon), and certain types of melanoma (cure rate 52%). Another study of melanoma-in-situ revealed Mohs cure rate of 95% for frozen section Mohs, and 98 to 99% for fixed tissue Mohs method. In situ is a condition that a cancer is still not become cancer yet.

However, mohs surgery is appropriate when:

• The skin cancer is in an area where it is important to preserve healthy tissue for maximum functional and cosmetic result, such as: eyelids, nose, ears, lips, fingers, toes, genitals.
• The skin cancer was treated previously and recurred.
• Scar tissue exists in the area of the cancer.
• The skin cancer is large.
• The edges of the cancer cannot be clearly defined.
• The skin cancer is growing rapidly or uncontrollably.

 Main Article - Moh's Surgery